Br-rich tips of calcified crab claws are less hard but more fracture resistant: A comparison of mineralized and heavy-element biological materials

doi:10.1016/j.jsb.2009.01.007

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	Br-rich tips of calcified crab claws are less hard but more fracture resistant: A comparison of mineralized and heavy-element biological materials
	Schofield, RMS; Niedbala, JC; Nesson, MH; Tao, Y; Shokes, JE; Scott, RA; Latimer, MJ; Tao Y(陶冶)
	2009
发表期刊	JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY (IF:2.767[JCR-2016],3.235[5-Year])
卷号	166 期号:3 页码:#REF!
通讯作者	Schofield, RMS (reprint author), Univ Oregon, Dept Phys, Eugene, OR 97403 USA.
文章类型	Article
摘要	We find that the spoon-like tips of the chelipeds (large claws) of the crab Pachygrapsus crassipes differ from the rest of the claw in that they are not calcified, but instead contain about 1% bromine-thus they represent a new example of a class of structural biological materials that contain heavy elements such as Zn, Mn, Fe, Cu, and Br bound in an organic matrix. X-ray absorption spectroscopy data suggest that the bromine is bound to phenyl rings, possibly in tyrosine. We measure a broad array of mechanical properties of a heavy-element biological material for the first time (abrasion resistance, coefficient of kinetic friction, energy of fracture, hardness, modulus of elasticity and dynamic mechanical properties), and we make a direct comparison with a mineralized tissue. Our results suggest that the greatest advantage of bromine-rich cuticle over calcified cuticle is resistance to fracture (the energy of fracture is about an order of magnitude greater than for calcified cuticle). The greatest advantage relative to unenriched cuticle, represented by ant mandible cuticle, is a factor of about 1.5 greater hardness and modulus of elasticity. The spoon-like tips gain additional fracture resistance from the orientation of the constituent laminae and from the viscoelasticity of the material. We suggest that fracture resistance is of greater importance in smaller organisms, and we speculate that one function of heavy elements in structural biological materials is to reduce molecular resonant frequencies and thereby increase absorption of energy from impacts. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
关键词	Crab Cheliped Biomineralization Bromine Zinc Br Zn Mechanical properties Hardness Modulus of elasticity Metal Halogen Abrasion Energy of fracture XAS Bromotyrosine Arthropod Cuticle Exoskeleton Invertebrate Scanning X-ray microscopy Scanning X-ray microprobe spectroscopy EXAFS
学科领域	Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology
DOI	10.1016/j.jsb.2009.01.007
收录类别	SCI
WOS类目	Biochemistry & Molecular Biology ; Biophysics ; Cell Biology
WOS记录号	WOS:000266066500004
引用统计	正在获取...
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	https://ir.ihep.ac.cn/handle/311005/227323
专题	多学科研究中心
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Schofield, RMS,Niedbala, JC,Nesson, MH,et al. Br-rich tips of calcified crab claws are less hard but more fracture resistant: A comparison of mineralized and heavy-element biological materials[J]. JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY,2009,166(3):#REF!.
APA	Schofield, RMS.,Niedbala, JC.,Nesson, MH.,Tao, Y.,Shokes, JE.,...&陶冶.(2009).Br-rich tips of calcified crab claws are less hard but more fracture resistant: A comparison of mineralized and heavy-element biological materials.JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY,166(3),#REF!.
MLA	Schofield, RMS,et al."Br-rich tips of calcified crab claws are less hard but more fracture resistant: A comparison of mineralized and heavy-element biological materials".JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 166.3(2009):#REF!.